There are a multitude of opinions out there what Gnosticism is, but my personal opinion is, based on old definition primacy:
Gnosticism were antique religious sects with the following characteristics:
- the Cosmos emanated in concentric aeons from the Unknowable Invisible Father,
- our material Cosmos was created due to some catastrophe, where souls originating from the Unknowable Invisible Father were trapped in material bodies giving rise to evil passions,
- good behavior is "stoic" insofar as we don't let passions ride us, passions are created by evil Archons ruling this evil material Cosmos, and passions ensure that we will be eternally trapped in this material world,
- the creator of the material Cosmos is not the Unknowable Invisible Father but instead a lesser deficient god,
- the sect has secret knowledge communicated to it by a savior figure, which is a messenger from the Unknowable Invisible Father, and this secret knowledge provides us with the only means of salvation from this material Cosmos to return to the Unknowable Invisible Father,
- scriptures are used as riddle collections, all interpretations are mystical, and somehow founded in a cosmology, which have a "psychological" impact in modern psychology terms.
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